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📌 C1EN

Overtourism: When Popular Destinations Become Victims of Their Own Success

A ready-to-use C1 English lesson — reading, questions and answer key, built by teachers on TeachIn.

This lesson has 3 sections in total — including the full answer key.

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📖 Reading

There is a peculiar moment that every seasoned traveller will recognise: the instant when a train pulls out of a station in an unfamiliar country and you realise, with a jolt somewhere between panic and delight, that nobody within a thousand miles knows exactly where you are. For some people this is the whole point of travel. For others it is precisely what they seek to avoid, which is why the package tour, with its air-conditioned coach and laminated itinerary, has never gone out of fashion despite decades of being mocked by more adventurous types. The two camps have long regarded each other with a kind of affectionate contempt. The independent traveller tends to see the package tourist as someone who has paid handsomely to be herded from one gift shop to the next without ever brushing up against the country they have ostensibly come to see. The package tourist, meanwhile, tends to regard the independent traveller as someone who spends half their holiday lost, the other half haggling over the price of a bus ticket, and comes home with a stomach bug rather than a set of decent photographs. Both caricatures, inevitably, contain a grain of truth and miss a good deal besides. What is rarely acknowledged is how much the two approaches have converged. Even the most committed backpacker now books hostels through an app days in advance and checks reviews before setting foot on a night bus, which would have struck an earlier generation of shoestring travellers as faintly ridiculous, if not outright cheating. Meanwhile, tour operators have noticed that today's clients want less time in gift shops and more time doing something that will look convincing on social media, so itineraries increasingly include a morning with a local family or an afternoon foraging for wild herbs with a chef. Authenticity, it turns out, sells rather well once it has been packaged correctly, a fact that would no doubt amuse the anthropologists who first popularised the term. None of this is to say that all forms of travel have become interchangeable. A fortnight spent cycling alone through a country whose language you barely speak will change you in ways that a well-organised coach tour, however thoughtfully curated, is unlikely to match. But it would be a mistake to assume that spontaneity is automatically more virtuous than planning, or that discomfort is a prerequisite for insight. The traveller who returns home altered is not necessarily the one who suffered the most delays or ate the strangest food, but the one who paid attention, wherever the itinerary happened to take them, and however it was arranged.

🗣️ Speaking — discussion

Context

  • Cities like Venice, Barcelona, and Kyoto have introduced tourist caps, entry fees, or taxes to manage overwhelming visitor numbers.
  • Social media and budget airlines have accelerated the concentration of tourists in a small number of 'Instagrammable' locations.
  • Local residents in many hotspots have staged protests against short-term rentals and crowding, citing rising rents and loss of community identity.
  • Some destinations are experimenting with 'de-marketing' campaigns, deliberately encouraging tourists to visit lesser-known alternatives instead.
  • The debate raises questions about who has the right to travel, who bears the cost of tourism, and how sustainable growth can be balanced with local wellbeing.

Themes

  • Sustainability vs. Accessibility — There is tension between making travel accessible to more people and protecting fragile destinations from environmental and cultural degradation.
  • The Local–Tourist Relationship — Mass tourism can strain relationships between residents and visitors, raising questions about respect, economic benefit, and cultural exchange.
  • The Role of Technology and Media — Social media algorithms and review platforms shape where people travel, often concentrating crowds in the same few locations.
  • Policy Solutions — Governments and cities are testing various interventions, from taxes to visitor quotas, each with trade-offs in fairness and effectiveness.

Personal Response

  1. Have you ever visited a place that felt overcrowded with tourists? How did it affect your experience?
  2. Would you be willing to pay an entry fee or tax to visit a famous historical site if it meant fewer crowds?

Themes & Ideas

  1. To what extent should local residents' quality of life take priority over the tourism industry's economic interests?
  2. How has social media changed the way people choose travel destinations, in your view?

Critical Thinking

  1. If you were a city planner, what specific measures would you implement to manage overtourism without damaging the local economy?
  2. Is it ethical to encourage tourists to avoid a destination for the benefit of locals, even if it limits visitors' freedom of choice?

Cultural & Social Topics

  1. How do you think overtourism might reshape cultural identity in cities that depend heavily on tourist revenue?
  2. What responsibilities, if any, do tourists have toward the communities they visit?

Advanced (C1 level)

  1. Some argue that 'de-marketing' campaigns amount to gatekeeping culture for an elite few who can afford to travel off-season or off-path. To what extent do you agree with this critique?
  2. Discuss the paradox whereby efforts to make a destination more 'authentic' or 'undiscovered' often accelerate its commercialization once publicized.

🎭 Classroom activity

In small groups, students role-play a city council meeting: one group represents local residents, another represents the tourism board, and another represents small business owners. Each group must propose and defend a policy to manage overtourism, then negotiate a compromise policy with the whole class.

✏️ Questions

  1. If the airline ___ (not / cancel) our flight last week, we would have arrived in Rome on time for the conference.
  2. By the time our ship finally docked, we ___ (travel) for over three weeks straight, so everyone was exhausted.
  3. The tour group ___ (be) surprisingly quiet during the entire museum visit, which impressed our guide.
  4. Rarely ___ (I / see) such a breathtaking sunset as the one we watched from that hilltop in Santorini.
  5. The backpacker suggested that we ___ (book) our hostel in advance, since prices tend to rise sharply in peak season.
  6. Not only ___ (the flight / be) delayed, but our luggage was also lost somewhere between connections.
  7. According to the passage, what is the main appeal of independent travel for some people, based on the opening paragraph?
    • a) The reassurance of having every detail planned in advance
    • b) The sense of unfamiliarity and even mild danger of being untracked
    • c) The chance to visit more gift shops than a coach tour allows
    • d) The guaranteed comfort of air-conditioned transport
  8. Which best describes the relationship between independent travellers and package tourists as presented in paragraph two?
    • a) They admire each other's approach equally and rarely disagree
    • b) They hold mutually mocking stereotypes that are each partly accurate
    • c) They have identical views on what makes a good holiday
    • d) They avoid each other entirely while travelling abroad
  9. In the third paragraph, what does the author suggest has happened to package tours in recent years?
    • a) They have completely disappeared in favour of independent travel
    • b) They have started offering more experiences marketed as authentic
    • c) They have become cheaper but less organised than before
    • d) They have stopped including any cultural activities at all
  10. What does the word 'convincing' most nearly mean as used in paragraph three ('something that will look convincing on social media')?
    • a) Persuasive or believable
    • b) Financially profitable
    • c) Extremely expensive
    • d) Legally binding
  11. What overall argument does the final paragraph make about spontaneity versus planning?
    • a) Spontaneous travel always produces deeper personal change than planned travel
    • b) Planned travel is inherently superior because it avoids discomfort
    • c) Neither spontaneity nor discomfort alone guarantees a meaningful travel experience
    • d) Only travellers who suffer hardship truly learn from their journeys
  12. What is the most likely purpose of this passage as a whole?
    • a) To persuade readers to book only independent travel experiences
    • b) To provide a step-by-step guide for planning a backpacking trip
    • c) To explore and complicate common assumptions about different travel styles
    • d) To criticise tour operators for exploiting the idea of authenticity

This lesson has 3 sections in total — including the full answer key.

See the full lesson — free Get Starter

Create your free account to read the whole lesson. Copying it and downloading PDF/Word is part of Starter.

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